天声人语（日英汉对照版） 2010/12/20 沖縄の怨念が燃えている

abyssthinice

天声人語
VOX POPULI: Okinawan anger still present after 40 years

2010年12月20日（月）付


東京で読んだ本紙夕刊に、沖縄生まれの若い歌人、屋良健一郎さんの歌があった。「コザ暴動あるいはコザ騒動」と題した連作から一首を引くと、〈モノクロの写真の街は白く燃ゆ　コザの暴力美（は）しかりにけむ〉▼

The Tokyo edition of the vernacular Asahi Shimbun recently ran a series of poems titled "Koza Bodo Aruiwa Koza Sodo" (Koza riot or Koza disturbance) by Kenichiro Yara, a young Okinawa-born poet.
Let me quote one: "In the black-and-white photo, the town burns white. The violence in Koza would have been beautiful."

在东京读到的本报晚报上，有冲绳出生的年轻和歌诗人屋良健一郎先生的和歌。从题为《胡屋（一作“胡差”）暴动或胡屋骚动》的组歌中引一首：“黑白照片的街道燃烧成白色一片，胡屋的暴力如此之美。”


何千人もの群衆が８０台を超す米兵らの車両を焼き払った。沖縄戦後史に刻まれるコザの出来事は４０年前のきょう、１２月２０日未明に起きた。積もりに積もった怒りの爆発だった。さらに一首引かせてもらうと、〈植民地（コロニー）の冬夜の空をねじらせて米軍車より直（す）ぐ起（た）つ炎〉▼

In the early hours of Dec. 20 exactly 40 years ago, thousands of Okinawans took to the streets of Koza, in the center of Okinawa's main island, and set fire to more than 80 vehicles belonging to U.S. troops and others.
The suppressed fury of the long-suffering people finally erupted, leaving an indelible mark in Okinawa's postwar history.
Another poem from the series goes, "Flames shoot up from U.S. military vehicles, distorting the winter night sky over the colony."

几千名群众烧毁了80多辆美军的车辆。铭刻在冲绳战后史上的胡屋事件发生在40年前的今天，12月20日拂晓。这是积怨已久的爆发。再引一首：“从美军军车上蹿起的火焰，扭曲了殖民地冬夜的上空。”


時のコザ市長は大山朝常（ちょうじょう）さんだった。炎をにらみながら、「沖縄の怨念が燃えている」とうめいた言葉が伝説のように伝わる。晩年にお会いしたとき、「それは米軍の圧政への怨念ですね」と尋ねたことがある▼

Chojo Oyama, who was mayor of Koza at the time, was reportedly heard to mutter as he glared at the flames, "Okinawa's grudge has caught fire." When I interviewed him late in his life, I asked him, "That was Okinawa's grudge against the oppressive U.S. military rule, wasn't it?"

当时的胡屋市长是大山朝常先生。他一边盯着火焰，一边呻吟出“冲绳的怨恨正在燃烧”，这句话传奇式地流传着。晚年拜会他时，曾问过他：“那是对美军暴政的怨恨吧。”


すると哀れむような目を向けて黙り込んだ。沈黙の間に、気づかざるをえなかった。怨念の炎の中に大山さんが見ていたのは、アメリカではなくて日本（ヤマト）ではなかったか――。対日講和条約で沖縄は切り捨てられ、きびしい戦後を強いられてきた▼

Oyama gave me a pitying look and fell silent. From his silence, I could not but begin to realize that what he had seen in those flames of grudge was not the United States, but Japan--or Yamato to the people of Okinawa.
The Japanese government had effectively abandoned Okinawa in the San Francisco Peace Treaty signed in 1951, forcing the people of Okinawa to continue to suffer even after the war's end.

于是他用怜悯似的眼光看着我，默然不语。在沉默期间，我不难察觉到：在怨恨的火焰中，大山先生看到的不是美国，而是日本吧。－－对日媾和条约舍弃了冲绳，给他们强加了严酷的战后。


暴動、騒動、民衆蜂起など、コザの出来事は様々に呼ばれてきた。「暴動」は日米の側から見た名称であろう。同じように、沖縄で菅首相が語った「辺野古移設がベター」は、地元にとっては政府の論理に他なるまい▼

The Dec. 20 incident in Koza has been called by various names--riot, disturbance, popular uprising and so on, depending on which side you looked at it from. For the governments of Japan and the United States, it was obviously a "riot." Similarly, when Prime Minister Naoto Kan recently said in Okinawa that "Henoko is better" as a relocation site for the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, it must have been obvious to the people of Okinawa that only the Japanese government could call the choice "better."

暴动、骚动、民众起义……，胡屋事件的叫法不断地花样翻新。“暴动”是从日美一方来看的名称吧。同样，菅首相在冲绳所说的“迁移到边野古更好”，对当地来说，不外乎是政府的逻辑。


屋良さんは東大大学院で、１６～１７世紀の薩摩と琉球の関係を研究している。「今の状況はそれ以来の歴史の凝縮です」と言う。根ざす所は深い。４０年間に怒りのマグマが減じてはいないことを、ヤマトは知る必要がある。

Yara is currently studying at the University of Tokyo's graduate school, researching relations between Ryukyu (Okinawa) and Satsuma (Kagoshima) in the 16th and 17th centuries. "The current situation is a condensed version of history from that period," he noted.
The feelings of Okinawans run deep. The people of Yamato must understand that the "magma" of anger that erupted in Okinawa in 1970 has not abated over the last 40 years.

屋良先生在东京大学研究生院研究16~17世纪萨摩藩和琉球的关系。“现在的状况是自那以来的历史的凝结。”由来已久啊。日本应该知道，40年间愤怒的岩浆未曾少减。