天声人语 20110812 谨防中暑小心度夏

zdenny0001

▼古代ギリシャ七賢人の一人タレスといえば、万物の根源は水だと説いた哲学者だ。そのタレスだが、古代の五輪を観戦していて、今でいう熱中症で死んだという説がある。後世の詩人の一節も残っているそうだ。
  古希腊七贤者中有一位名叫泰利斯，就是那位认为“水是万物之源”的哲学家。据说这位泰利斯在观看古代奥运会比赛时不幸中暑身亡。后世的诗人还就此写下诗歌，流传下来。
▼〈太陽ゼウスよ、昔おん身は、スタディオンより、競技を見物していたる賢者タレースを天上へ連れ去り給いぬ……〉（野尻抱影〈ほうえい〉『星三百六十五夜』）。すべては水から生じて水に還（かえ）る。そのような自然観を語った人が「脱水」で落命したとすれば皮肉である。
  诗这样写道：“伟大的天神宙斯啊，您把观看竞技比赛的贤者泰利斯从竞技场带往天上了啊……”（摘自《星星三百六十五夜》野尻抱影 著）这位哲学家抱有万物皆从水中来，最终还到水中去的自然观，他本人最后却死于脱水中暑，这多少有点讽刺。
▼あちらの太陽も暑そうだが、東洋の炎帝も負けていない。しばらく前の小欄で「赫々（かっかく）たる太陽も蝉（せみ）の声もなしではどこか寂しい」と書いた。挑発したわけではなかったが全国で猛暑が続く。この暴君、手加減というものを知らないらしい。
  希腊的太阳酷热难当，东方的炎帝也毫不逊色。本专栏前几天还写过“炎炎夏日却无蝉鸣，总觉得缺了点什么。”虽无意冒犯大自然，全国范围内却都出现了酷暑天气。看来炎帝这位暴君，也是下手不知轻重的主。
▼慣れは恐ろしく、いつしか猛暑日と聞いても驚かなくなってしまった。だが頭は慣れても、体は温度を正直に受け止める。油断せず、定石通りの水分補給で身を守りたい。ふだんは敵視しがちな塩分も適量が欠かせない。
  习惯是件很可怕的事。不知什么时候起听到酷暑天也开始无动于衷了。不过就算脑袋听过算过，人的身体对高温还是很敏感的。对酷暑天气我们不能掉以轻心，每天应该定量补充水分，保持身体健康。平时颇为反感的盐分也应适当摄入。
▼東京の声欄に梅干しジュースの思い出があった。梅干しをつぶして砂糖をかけ、冷たい井戸水を注ぐ。冷蔵庫も扇風機もない時代、炎天下を自転車で来る郵便屋さんに母親が出していたそうだ。知恵と思いやりで夏をしのいできた。
  看过东京的声专栏，想起了很久以前夏天用腌梅子泡水喝的事。做法很简单，把腌的梅子干捣碎，撒上白砂糖，然后倒上清凉的井水。在那个既没有冰箱也没有风扇的时代，依稀记得母亲会为酷热天里骑自行车送信来的邮差递上这样一杯饮料。靠着像这样的小智慧和方法，得以熬过酷热的夏季。
▼賢人タレスは、何が一番難しいかと聞かれて「自分を知ること」と答えたという。自分は大丈夫という油断は、熱中症の場合も落とし穴らしい。臆病なぐらいが、ちょうどいい。
  有人问贤者泰利斯什么事最困难，他回答道：最难的是人有自知之明。如果过于疏忽大意，总认为自己没啥问题，中暑这样的病症也会要了性命。这种时候，还是胆小一点比较保险。

zdenny0001

VOX POPULI: Amid this heat wave, everyone is a potential victim.   
    Thales of Miletus (624 B.C.--546 B.C.), a pre-Socratic philosopher and one of the Seven Sages of Greece, held that water constituted the principle of all things. Some people claim Thales died of what is called heatstroke while watching an event of the ancient Olympic Games.
      A poem about his death was written years later, according to Hoei Nojiri (1885-1977), who translated it into Japanese in "Hoshi Sanbyaku-rokujugo-ya" (Stars 365 nights). The poem goes to the effect, "Zeus the Sun, many years ago you took wise Thales to the heavens while he was watching an athletic event at a stadium ..."  If Thales had truly died of heatstroke--which is associated with dehydration--that would be rather ironic for the man who understood nature to begin and end with water.
     The sun and the heat of ancient Greece must have been pretty brutal, but so is the present heat wave blanketing Japan. I recently wrote in this column that summer is not summer without the glaring sun and the droning of cicadas. It wasn't my intention to provoke Entei (ancient sun god) with this observation, but it appears I've done just that. The god is now acting up all over the country, and this tyrant obviously knows no such thing as moderation.
     I must've become so used to his ways that I'm no longer alarmed when I hear about the mercury climbing above 35 degrees. But if the mind doesn't register what a scorcher like that means, the body does. We must be on our guard and follow what all health experts recommend: Keep well hydrated. And we also must take a reasonable amount of salt, even though some people are conditioned to think of salt as bad.
     The "Koe" (Voice) section of the Tokyo edition of the vernacular Asahi Shimbun recently ran a letter from a reader who reminisced about "umeboshi juice" from many summers ago. The drink was made by mashing umeboshi (salt-pickled and dried sour plums) in a glass, adding sugar, and filling the glass with chilled water from a well. Back when refrigerators and electric fans had yet to become common household appliances, the letter's author recalled, her mother served this cool drink to the postman who did his route on a bicycle under the scorching sun. Our forebears certainly knew how to combine wisdom and hospitality.
     When asked what was most difficult, Thales is said to have replied, "To know thyself." With heat exhaustion, the most common trap people fall into is said to be their refusal or inability to see themselves as potential victims. It's a good idea to be cowardly.

--The Asahi Shimbun, Aug. 12

zdenny0001

abyssthinice 发表于 2011-8-12 21:08
翻译得很好。

不过对倒数第二段谈点儿在下的看法。

御指摘の通りです。ありがとうございます。