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[天声人语] 080225春一番

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发表于 2008-2-26 18:39:43 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
080225春一番

 中国西域のタクラマカン砂漠を取材したとき「カラブラン」と呼ばれる風の恐怖を聞いた。訳せば「黒い嵐」となるその風は、砂を巻き上げて太陽を隠し、あたりを夜のように暗くする。

在中国西部的塔克拉玛干沙漠采访时,曾听说一种被称作“卡拉布兰”的风的恐怖传说。翻译过来就“黑风”,此风能扬砂蔽日,使四周暗如黑夜。

竜巻に近い風なのだろう。子どもやヤギが何十キロも飛ばされた、砂に埋もれて死にかけた、など怖い話がいくらでもある。〈故郷を埋め、愛する家族を生き別れにさせる……〉。ウイグル族の人々は恨み節を口に、風と砂を防ぐ植林に余念がなかった。

该是龙卷风一类的吧。孩子、山羊等遇到此风常被卷到几十公里开外,并被埋在砂里,九死一生云云,此类恐怖传说数不胜数。“黑风掩埋我们的故乡,黑风使我们骨肉分离……”。维吾尔族老乡们口中唱着衰怨的歌谣,埋头植树以抵御风砂。

のどかに聞こえる日本の春一番も、正体は荒々しい風だ。海は大シケ、山では気温が上がり雪崩がとどろく。古くは、恐れをこめた漁師言葉だったらしい。150年ほど前には長崎県の五島沖で漁師53人が遭難した。痛ましい災難もへて、戦後に俳句の季語となって広まった。

日本的“春一番”(注:春初第一次刮来的较强的南风)听起来悠闲宁静,其本来面目也是狂风。在海上,会掀起滔天巨浪,在山上,带动气温上升而引起轰然雪崩。以前,“春一番”曾是恐惧意味的渔民用语。约150年前,在长崎县的五岛洋面上就有渔民53人因此而葬身海底。经历了包括惨痛灾难在内的悠悠岁月,到了战后,“春一番”成了俳句的季语而广为人知。

おととい関東に吹いた春一番は土ぼこりを盛大に巻き上げた。クレーンを倒し、催事のテントを飛ばして、けが人を出した。ようやく止(や)むと、返す刀で、きのうにかけて北風が吹き荒れた。

前天,吹过关东地区的“春一番”闹得尘土飞扬遮天蔽日。大吊车也倒了,搞活动搭的帐篷也刮跑了,还有人受了伤。好不容易消停了,北风像回马枪似地杀回来一直刮到昨天为止。

「疾風に勁草(けいそう)を知る」と言う。「強い風が吹いて初めて、どの草が強いか分かる」という意味だ。逆に弱い草も分かる。よく止まる鉄道あたりが筆頭だろうが、安全優先ならやむをえない。満艦飾(まんかんしょく)の看板は、今にも飛びそうで不安が募る。

有所谓“疾风知劲草”的说法。意思是说“只有在狂风中才知道什么草强劲”。反过来,也可知道什么草软弱。动辄就停开铁路电车等可谓是此类之首,但要抬出“安全第一”来也就无话可说了。还有就是万国旗般的各色招牌,飘飘摇摇地叫人惴惴不安。

気象学の関口武さんによれば、日本には2000を超す風の名前があるそうだ。とみに死語化しているのは、風に無関心でいられる生活のゆえらしい。その無関心が、風の怖さへの鈍感であっては、手痛いしっぺ返しを食いかねない。

据气象学家关口武先生说,在日本,风的名称超过2000个。因为如今的生活可以对风漠不关心了,所以,那些名称已完全成了死语了。而这种漠不关心便是对风之可怕的迟钝,因而很可能遭到风的疯狂报复。


英译:
Danger of the great winds cannot be forgotten
02/26/2008
When I was on a reporting assignment in the Taklamakan Desert in China's Xinjiang-Uyghur Autonomous Region, I heard of the terror of karaburan, a violent wind of Central Asia. Known also as "black storm," karaburan whips up sand and dust into dense clouds that blot out the sun and turn the day as dark as night.
Perhaps it is more like a tornado. Horror stories abound, such as those about children and goats being blown dozens of kilometers away, or of people nearly buried alive in sand.
"(Karaburan) buries our home town, separates us from our loved ones," lamented Uyghurs as they busied themselves planting trees that would protect them from the wind and sand.
Japan's haru ichiban, which translates literally as "spring No. 1" and sounds harmless, is actually a ferocious gale. It causes severe storms at sea and raises temperatures in the mountains, triggering avalanches. In the old days, haru ichiban was apparently an expression used by fishermen with great dread.
About 150 years ago, 53 fishermen perished off Goto in Nagasaki Prefecture. Tragic as its origins were, the phrase became established as kigo, a seasonal expression used in haiku, after World War II.
This year's haru ichiban, which raged on Saturday, whipped up a tremendous sand storm. It overturned a crane, blew away a tent at an event site, and caused injuries. After it finally subsided, a violent north wind took over through Sunday.
According to an ancient Chinese saying, it takes a gale-force wind to determine which grass is strong enough to withstand the onslaught. The result also reveals weak grass, and I suppose trains probably fit the bill best because their services are often suspended on windy days.
However, this is necessary for safety's sake. I am more worried about gaudy signboards that look ready to be ripped off and blown away.
According to Takeshi Sekiguchi, a meteorologist, there are more than 2,000 names of winds in Japanese. Many have become obsolete, which apparently owes to the fact that today's lifestyle no longer requires us to pay much attention to winds.
But if our lack of attention translates into the dulling of our fear of winds, we may have to pay dearly for it some day.
--The Asahi Shimbun, Feb. 25(IHT/Asahi: February 26,2008)
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