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本帖最后由 abyssthinice 于 2010-12-28 21:46 编辑
天声人語
VOX POPULI: Salmon's return offers ray of light in the gloom
2010年12月17日(金)付
山奥に分け入った猟師、谷川を流れ来る塗り物を見つけ、まだ奥に人の営みがあったかと驚く。隠れ里の伝えである。平家の落人がひっそり暮らしていたといった話は各地にある。そんな伝説が魚の写真に重なった▼
Deep in the mountains, a hunter sees a piece of lacquerware bobbing down a stream. Surprised, the hunter realizes there must be people living upriver in that Godforsaken region.
This is one version of an old tale about the Taira clan, which was wiped out by the rival Minamoto clan at the Battle of Dannoura in 1185. According to legend, Taira soldiers who survived the battle fled to various parts of Japan and founded communities in remote mountain areas.
I was reminded of those legendary Taira stragglers by a fish that made headlines earlier this week.
钻进深山老林里的猎人看到溪流中漂来的漆器,惊讶于深山更深处还有人烟。这就是避世荒村的传说。各地都有这一类平氏家族的逃亡者隐居的故事。这种传说与鱼的照片隐隐相合。
絶滅したはずのクニマスが、山梨県の西湖(さいこ)で生き延びていた。秋田県の田沢湖だけにいた魚は、70年前の導水工事と酸性化で死に絶えた。工事の5年前、西湖などに卵を放流した記録が残っており、難を逃れた一族が富士の懐でひそかに血をつないでいたらしい▼
Found in Lake Saiko in Yamanashi Prefecture, the fish was identified as a "kunimasu" salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka kawamurae)--a species that was believed to have become extinct 70 years ago. The last of the kunimasu in Lake Tazawako, Akita Prefecture, which was thought to be its only habitat, died because of acidic water drawn into the lake as part of a hydro-electric power project.
However, according to records from five years before that "extinction," an attempt was made to save the species by releasing kunimasu salmon roe in Lake Saiko. It appears these transplants managed to preserve the bloodline in this lake at the foot of Mount Fuji.
本应灭绝了的国鳟在山梨县的西湖中得以幸存。只生活在秋田县的田泽湖中的这种鱼因70年前的引水工程和(由于引入酸性山泉所造成的湖水)酸性化而死绝了。现存的记录表明,在工程的5年前,曾将卵投放到西湖等中,看来躲过一劫的一家在富士山的怀抱中悄悄地延续着血脉。
魚類に詳しい人気者、さかなクンのお手柄だという。旧知の京大教授からクニマスのイラストを頼まれ、参考用に集めたヒメマスに奇跡が紛れていた。類は友を呼ぶ、である。人の都合で葬られた魚の「再発見」に、少しばかり救われた▼
The discovery is credited to Sakana-kun (Mr. Fish), a fish researcher and TV personality whose real name is Masayuki Miyazawa.
Miyazawa was reportedly asked by his close acquaintance, a Kyoto University professor, to draw a picture of a kunimasu salmon. Miyazawa collected some "himemasu" (Oncorhynchus nerka), a landlocked species of sockeye salmon, to help him in his work. Miraculously, one of them happened to be a kunimasu.
The two fish are very similar. It recalled to my mind a Japanese saying with a similar meaning to the old English proverb, "birds of a feather flock together." In any case, I found some consolation in the "resurrection" of a species that was once sacrificed for human convenience.
据说这是深谙鱼类的红人Sakanakun(鱼君)的功绩。受老友京都大学教授之托画一幅国鳟的图,为了参考而找来姬鳟,结果奇迹混杂其中。真是物以类聚。被人葬送了的鱼的“重新发现”,让人稍微舒了一口气。
絶滅の恐れがある動植物を網羅したレッドリストは、いつも悲しい方向に改訂されてきた。明治末に絶えたニホンオオカミなど、剥製(はくせい)や標本があればいいほうで、多くが何も残さずに消えている▼
Sadly, though, the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List of Threatened Species continues to grow. There are stuffed specimens of the "nihon okami" or Japanese wolf, which went extinct toward the end of the Meiji Era (1868-1912). But many species simply disappear without a trace.
罗列着濒危动植物的红色名录总是朝着让人伤心的方向修订。如果像明治末期灭绝了的日本狼等那样有个剥制标本或其他标本还算好,许多什么也没留下就消失得无影无踪了。
永遠の美を欲し、村娘が竜と化す田沢湖の辰子姫(たつこひめ)伝説。変わり果てた姿を嘆き、母親が湖面に投げつけた松明(たいまつ)は魚になる。なぜこの湖だけなのか、素性がはっきりしないクニマスにふさわしい伝承である▼
The legend of Princess Tatsuko of Lake Tazawako is about a young village woman who is transformed into a dragon for wanting to remain beautiful forever. Her mother, distraught at seeing what her daughter has become, hurls a torch into the lake, and the torch turns into a fish. I ask myself whimsically about the real identity of this "miracle" kunimasu.
追求永远的美,村姑化为龙,这是田泽湖的辰子姬传说。慨叹于面目全非的容貌,母亲将火把扔到了湖面上,变成了鱼。为什么唯独是这个湖呢不得而知,但是这个传说对来历不明的国鳟倒真是再合适不过了。
地元の直木賞作家、千葉治平(じへい)さんは生前、「北海道に放流してやれば深湖魚として生き残ったかもしれない」と、その絶滅を惜しんだ。ご安心を。松明はどっこい燃え続けている。人の手で異境に移されたことは、この種に限っては幸いだった。そのねばりに報いたい。
Novelist Jihei Chiba (1921-1991), an Akita native and a Naokisho literary award recipient, once lamented, "Had the kunimasu salmon been relocated from Lake Tazawako and released somewhere in Hokkaido, they could have survived as deep-water fish."
To Chiba, I would say: Don't worry, the torch is still burning. Perhaps it was a blessing for the species to have been taken away from their home by humans. I hope the fish's tenacity will be rewarded.
当地的直木奖作家千叶治平先生生前曾惋惜其灭绝,说:“如果把它投放到北海道,也许能作为深湖鱼而活下来。”请放心。火把依然烧得很旺。仅就这种鱼来说,被人迁移到异乡算是万幸。对它的顽强,我们当有以报之。
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