天声人语 20110202 文明古国的混乱状态

reiuka2

文明古国的混乱状态
2011年2月2日（水）付
　古代エジプト人の大きな関心事は、７月に始まるナイル川の増水だった。その季節の暁に昇る星、シリウスの観測をもとに農業のための民衆暦ができた。一年は夏から４カ月ずつ、増水季、種まき季、収穫季の三つに分かれていたという。
       古代埃及人最关心的大事之一就是每年7月份开始的尼罗河的涨水。他们通过观测那个季节黎明时分升上天空的天狼星，制定了适合农耕使用的民众历法。据说该历法将一年分为三个季节，从夏天开始，依次是涨水季、播种季和收获季。
   近世以降のエジプトは、オスマン帝国や欧州列強による支配の後、軍エリートがクーデターで王朝を葬り、共和制を担ってきた。従属、強権の時をくぐり、どうやら古暦のように、三つ目の季節の予感である。
       进入近代后的埃及，在历经了奥斯曼帝国及欧洲列强的统治后，军事强人发动武装政变，将王朝埋葬，建立起了共和制国家。走出了从属和强权的时代，埃及让人感觉就像他们古代的历法那样，要进入第三个季节了。
   ３０年も君臨するムバラク大統領の退陣を求めて、民衆が街にあふれた。外出禁止令が無視されても軍は動かず、「１００万人デモ」とも伝えられる。略奪や放火、脱獄の報に自警団が組まれたという。文明発祥の地の、目を覆う無秩序だ。
       民众涌出街头，要求执政已达30年之久的穆巴拉克总统下台。尽管人们违反外出禁令纷纷上街，但军队还是按兵不动。甚至据传将举行“百万人大游行”。据报道，为了防止抢掠、放火、越狱等事件发生，人们还自发组织起了自卫队。在这片人类文明的发祥之地，如今是一派让人不忍正视的混乱状态。
   チュニジアに倣い、腐敗や秘密警察、生活苦への不満がインターネットを介して大衆運動に転じた。〈一夜の無政府主義より数百年の圧政がまし〉の格言があるアラブ圏だ。あえて混沌（こんとん）に身を投じた民の覚悟を思う。
       效仿邻国突尼斯以及对官员腐败、秘密警察、生活贫困的不满通过互联网转化为群众运动。在阿拉伯文化圈，有“宁要数百年的专政，不要一夜的无政府主义”这样的格言。这次埃及的群众反政府运动，反映出民众甘愿投身混沌之中的决心。
   博物館では、文化財を守る「人間の鎖」ができた。人権や自由といった人類の財産を守るには、ネットが鎖になる。とはいえ多くの死者も出た。権力の空白を突き、ガチガチのイスラム勢力が台頭するかもしれない。混乱がどう転ぶかで、次なる季節は熱くも冷たくもなろう。
       在博物馆，有保护文化财产的“世间之锁”。而要保护人权和自由等人类的财产，这把锁则是互联网。话虽如此，也有很多人为此失去了生命。这也许是一些极端的伊斯兰势力想利用权利空挡趁机抬头。如今的混乱如何发展将会决定下个季节是变冷还是变热。
   ナイル両岸の肥沃（ひよく）な地に文明が芽生えて５千年。これも進歩なのか、かつては何十年もかけて変転していた世が、週の単位で移ろう。季節の変わり目、空模様が読めない以上に、アラブ盟主の明日は見えない。
       尼罗河两岸的沃土孕育出的人类文明至今已5千年了。以前要经历数十年才会发生转变的人世，现在却以周为单位飞速移转，不知这算不算也是一种进步。既然读不懂季节变换的交汇和天象，阿拉伯盟主的明天也无法预见。

abyssthinice

一、
“人間の鎖”（human chain）似可译为“人墙”。
“鎖”似是“链”的意思。


英辞郎 v86 和英      

人間の鎖  
human chain


现代英汉词典      

human chain  
n.  人链，手挽手的一行抗议者



二、
季節の変わり目、空模様が読めない以上に、アラブ盟主の明日は見えない。

作“既然”讲时，似一般说“以上”即可。

从英文版可知，本句的“以上に”似表“更”之意。

When seasons change, it is hard to read the weather. But even more difficult to see is the future of the leader of the Arab world.

季节之交，气候难以捉摸，阿拉伯盟主（埃及）的明天就更难以预见了。

abyssthinice

VOX POPULI: Impossible to forecast the future of Egypt
2011/02/03


A major matter of concern for the people of ancient Egypt was the inundation of the Nile that started in July.

Based on the observation of Sirius, which rises at dawn at that time of the year, the civil calendar for farming was created. The year was split into three seasons of four months each--inundation, planting and harvest--starting from summer.

Egypt had been ruled for centuries by the Ottoman Empire before it was dominated by European powers in modern times. After that, the military elite staged a coup to put an end to the monarchy system and has been running the nation under a republican system. After many seasons of submission and authoritarian rule, as in the ancient calendar, it appears that the third season is finally now approaching.

Citizens took to the streets demanding that President Hosni Mubarak, who has been in power for 30 years, step down. Although they demonstrated in defiance of a curfew, the military did not move. As many as 1 million people reportedly took part in the demonstrations.

I heard citizens organized neighborhood-protection groups to guard against looting, arson and prison breaks.

The cradle of civilization is in shambles with a complete lack of order.

As was the case with Tunisia, public discontent toward corruption, secret police and poverty developed into a popular movement via the Internet.

"Centuries of oppression are better than a night of anarchism" is an Arab maxim. The Egyptian people must have been driven by strong determination to go out of their way to throw themselves into chaos.

A "human chain" was formed around the Egyptian Museum to protect cultural assets. To protect human assets, such as human rights and freedom, the Internet can serve as a chain. Still, violent clashes produced many deaths. Rigid Islamic forces may gain power taking advantage of a power vacuum. Depending on the outcome of the confusion, the next season may be hot or cold.

Five millenniums have passed since civilization emerged on rich soil on both sides of the Nile. Could this be a sign of progress?

Society that once took decades to undergo changes can change within weeks.

When seasons change, it is hard to read the weather. But even more difficult to see is the future of the leader of the Arab world.

--The Asahi Shimbun, Feb. 2